Latest Articles from Silva Balcanica Latest 4 Articles from Silva Balcanica https://silvabalcanica.pensoft.net/ Fri, 29 Mar 2024 17:11:52 +0200 Pensoft FeedCreator https://silvabalcanica.pensoft.net/i/logo.jpg Latest Articles from Silva Balcanica https://silvabalcanica.pensoft.net/ Studies on Manna ash (Fraxinus ornus L.) In Bulgaria https://silvabalcanica.pensoft.net/article/101459/ Silva Balcanica 24(1): 35-45

DOI: 10.3897/silvabalcanica.24.e101459

Authors: Stela Gyudorova

Abstract: The purpose of this publication is to review and analyze the main studies of Manna ash in Bulgaria in order to present summarized information and acquire an objective view of the possibilities for proper perception of the importance of this local tree species and its use in various aspects of science and practice in our country. The study covers the period from the second half of the 1940s, when the first specialized journals in the field of forest science were published, until 2022. The focus of the study is on publications related directly or indirectly to various aspects of research on manna ash. The tracking of the chronology of forestry studies in Bulgaria shows trends towards a change in the perception of Manna ash as an inferior species and the search for its benefits for forestry practice, including rethinking its role from one of a weed species into an adjustable competitor, stimulating the regeneration of oaks and others indigenous species in plantations.The role of phytocoenological studies, which in relation to the Manna ash communities, both in natural and artificial forest plantations, with its participation have increased in recent years. With their help, it is possible to trace the stages of successions and fluctuations and behavior of Manna ash in xerothermic oak forests and austian pine crops – its ecological-coenotic strategy towards the main tree species.The studies of Manna ash in Bulgaria in the field of special uses are close to their European analogues and in a number of cases overtake them with new data and discoveries, mostly in terms of biologically active products and antiallergic agents obtained from this plant species, among which we have world patents.

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Research Article Tue, 28 Feb 2023 08:00:02 +0200
Reviewing productivity studies of skidders working in coniferous forests and plantations https://silvabalcanica.pensoft.net/article/56071/ Silva Balcanica 21(2): 83-98

DOI: 10.3897/silvabalcanica.21.e56071

Authors: Mohammad Reza Ghaffariyan

Abstract: Skidding is an important element of harvesting operations, which contributes to the extraction of wood. A skidder can be used in different types of harvesting operations, such as thinning, clear fell, native forest thinning or salvage work. The main goal of this article was to review the available stud-ies on productivity of skidding operations in coniferous forests/ plantations. Information on skid-der productivity was collected from publications and then was classified in three regions, including North America, Europe and the Southern Hemisphere. The parameters affecting machine productivity included machine type/ size, tree volume/ log volume/ load volume, average skidding distance and slope of the ground for each reported productivity. The average productivity reported in the published reports ranged from 9.3 m3/PMH to 78.0 m3/PMH. Detailed information and conclusions collected from various studies can be of use to forest academic and industry users to gain knowledge about vari-ations of skidder productivity in different regions and site/ operation conditions, which can be helpful for predicting, controlling and improving current levels of productivity.

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Review Article Tue, 6 Oct 2020 17:15:00 +0300
General regularities of height-diameter curves in Hungarian oak, sessile oak and Turkey oak high forests https://silvabalcanica.pensoft.net/article/56074/ Silva Balcanica 21(2): 71-82

DOI: 10.3897/silvabalcanica.21.e56074

Authors: Roumen Petrin

Abstract: The height-diameter curves of natural even-aged Hungarian oak, sessile oak and Turkey oak forests in the regions of Staro Oryahovo, Sherba, Tsonevo and Aytos Forestry Districts have been studied. In order to explore the shape of the curves and, in particular, their steepness, the steepness index SI of Douhovnikov (“the method of natural indicators”) was applied. The curves were divided into three groups according to it: flat curves, medium steep curves and steep curves. Both the traditional height-diameter curves and the corresponding relative curves of Tyurin were studied. Consideration of the traditional height-diameter curves gives a certain ground for investigating to-gether the height-diameter curves of Hungarian oak and sessile oak, disregarding the tree species. This inference was confirmed by comparing the relative height-diameter curves for Hungarian oak, sessile oak and Turkey oak with Tyurin’s uniform curve of relative heights. For these comparisons we used the Willcoxon test. A statistically significant great proximity in their shapes was found. As a uniform average curve of relative heights has been established for all tree species, this proximity indicates a possibility of creating a single fan of height-diameter curves for high Hungarian, sessile and Turkey oak.

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Research Article Tue, 6 Oct 2020 17:15:00 +0300
A methodological approach for monitoring of riparian forests in protected areas on Danube islands https://silvabalcanica.pensoft.net/article/54963/ Silva Balcanica 21(2): 53-69

DOI: 10.3897/silvabalcanica.21.e54963

Authors: Georgi Hinkov, Plamen Glogov, Vania Kachova, Mira L. Georgieva, Cristian Anghelus, Аlexandru Liviu Ciuvat

Abstract: In the last decades, invasive plant species have rapidly settled on the islands in the Danube River. This process is closely related to anthropogenic activities, such as felling and cultivation of soil for affor-estation of Euro-American poplar trees throughout the Danube River basin. In this regard, it is im-portant to: (i) determine the speed and scope of invasive vegetation establishment and (ii) determine more precisely the ongoing successional dynamics. Monitoring in permanent plots is needed to track the changes and assist in decision-making processes for the management of protected areas on the islands in the Danube River. The aim of the study is to describe and justify an innovative approach to analyse the dynamic of the invasion species occurrence and development as related to site conditions and management across the islands in the Danube River. The following methodological approach was considered: (1) selection of islands with well-preserved and sufficient in area covered by natural forest vegetation; (2) differentiation of strata by forest type, age and canopy cover; (3) setting up permanent sample plots for long-term monitoring in natural riparian forests.

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Research Article Tue, 6 Oct 2020 17:15:00 +0300